Kabbalah: Umberto Eco's Poetics Meets Jewish Mysticism

Part of: Kabbalistic Offshoots and Mystical Bends

“The truth of Malkhut, the only truth that shines in the night of the Sefirot, is that Wisdom is revealed naked in Malkhut, and its mystery lies not in existence but in the leaving of existence. Afterward, the Others begin again.”

- Umberto Eco, Foucault’s Pendulum

Reading Eco’s book, I was pleased to find the prophetic Kabbalist Abraham Abulafia and his system of meditation featured in a postmodern work of fiction, as no less than a personal computer.

Befitting its historical human precursor, Abulafia the computer generates the variations of God’s 720 names along secret files and possibly impossible schemes. The book reads like a coincidental conjunction of plots and subplots, much in the vein of Abulafia's (the historical) method of reaching the Absolute by permutations of words and names. As such, it is constantly reminiscent of the other infinitely potential plots, much like the God of the Kabbalah who created several worlds before he decided on ours.

This is postmodern fiction, which means it parodies the idea of a coherent, plausible logic of events. Consequently, it also puts on the same level mystical devotion, religious orders, the occult, and, to a certain extent, even science. It quotes equally from Abraham Abulafia, Eliphas Levi (19th century French occultist), Aleister Crowley (20th century British occultist and magician), Alexander Dumas, Woody Allen, Thomas Burnet (17th century British theologian) and many others. The juxtaposition of Kabbalists, mystics, theologians, and occultists with writers of fiction serves well to demonstrate the book's general attitude towards the credibility of the above.

And yet...The first chapter starts with a quotation from Isaac Luria (the Safed 16th century Kabbalist) describing the emanation of infinite light that initiated the creation of the world, and now, of the book. From there, the chapters’ names emulate the emanation of the sefirot in the Tree of Life, and different references and interpretations of Kabbalistic ideas weave a poetics of Kabbalah – for instance, the allusion to Zimzum, the act of self limitation the Absolute comitted in order to make room for the “Other.” As Eco puts it,

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Article Author: michal Schwartz

Michal Schwartz holds a PhD in philosophy and literature, and has been long obsessed with Kabbalah and mysticism in general. She published her first book "Metapher und Offenbarung," in Berlin, 2003 and her book "Gateway of Souls. A Kabbalistic Mystery," just came out.

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